Recent years have seen a significant increase in venereal diseases. Sexual freedom between consenting adults was a partial cause of this increase. In addition, oral contraceptives and changes in habits has created the situation that led to an increase in the number of sexual contacts, thereby contributing to the spread of sexually transmitted diseases. Given that these factors should not be changed, sexually transmitted diseases has become a major public health problem. Some diseases that were previously not associated with sexually transmitted infections as hepatitis B virus is now known that sexually transmitted. Other new diseases such as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), viral infections, which are usually transmitted sexually. Therefore, there is a need for various types of management measures to reverse the growing number of sexually transmitted diseases.
Ring-shape intravaginal contraceptive sponge containing a spermicidal agent has become an accepted method of birth control in Western society. Nevertheless, this little sponge to stop the spread of sexually transmitted diseases, which are constantly growing. These sponges are composed of sponge open cell foam impregnated with a spermicidal agent, nonoxynol-9 (US. Neto 2,541,103). Nonoxynol a nonylphenyl polyethylene glycol ether is a mild surfactant. As in other non-ionic, it is cytotoxic agent that acts in violation of plasma membranes of cells of animals. This is not so effective on the cell walls of bacteria, which are the difference of lipid membranes containing animal cells. Unfortunately, nonyl phenoxypolyethoxyethanol only bacteriostatic and bactericidal, not when placed in a culture of Staphylococcus aureus (TSS-S gold). Toxic shock syndrome (TBS) is due to the spread of Staphylococcus staphloooccus pads during menstruation and the contraceptive sponge used in the absence of menstruation. Although nonoxynol not suppress the number of colonies of Staphylococcus Staphylococcus during the first 6 hours of growth in the culture medium, the number of bacteria in a culture flask after 30 hours, it was shown that is identical to the control culture. (Contraception 33:395, 1986). Thus, nonoxynol not hinder the growth staphlococci contraceptive sponge. Absorb toxins through the dissemination staphlococci can produce toxic shock syndrome. Thirteen cases in women using contraceptive sponge impregnated with nonoxynol. (Int Fertil [Sweden] 30:81 1985). In all these cases, Staphylococcus TSS-S was grown. It is estimated that the frequency of the TSS would be 10 cases per year in 1oo, LLC Women using sponges. The current mortality TSS is 3% (JAMA 251:1016 1984). The mortality rate among users of contraceptive sponges less than observed with pads, where the incidence of TSS also 1O P. 1oo, LLC menstrual users (NEJM 303:1429 1980). Although nonoxynol only bacteriostatic, a study of prostitutes in Bangkok, Thailand, who used nonoxynol-9 vaginal contraceptive sponge have shown that these prostitutes lower sexually transmitted diseases (chlamydia and gonorrhea) than those who did not use a contraceptive sponge. (JA MA 257:2308 1987). The incidence of Monilia vaginitis improved by nonyl not fungicide. The slight decrease in the incidence of sexually transmitted diseases among prostitutes often are not appropriate in terms of preventing disease and reducing morbidity, finally, to remove the frequency of exposure, if contraceptive sponge may be a fact that was spermicides virocidal, bactericide and fungicide, it would be to protect against sexually transmitted diseases . Such sponges not only to protect women from sexually transmitted diseases, but will be protective for men. These considerations were not included in the medical literature. bactericidal buffer to eliminate the possibility of toxic shock syndrome. These events must meet important public health needs and lead to a reduction in the rate of sexually transmitted diseases.
Inventive
The present invention relates to bactericidal, contraceptive sponges protozocical virocidal and, unlike a sponge, which relies solely on the weak bacteriostatic compounds will be prevention of sexually transmitted diseases caused by viruses and bacteria, and is useful in the treatment of vaginal infections (vaginitis) caused by Trichomonas, gonorrhea, chlamydia and Monilia. It also describes the absorbent pad, which can not cause a syndrome of toxic shock. In addition, as a contraceptive sponge may prevent cervical cancer is now known that the manifestation of the sexually transmitted papilloma virus, and transmission of genital herpes, which is widely known to predispose to cancer can be prevented.
The present invention relates to a sponge that releases a small amount of iodine from the iodine complex of polyurethane, which allows microbicides, spermicides, and virocidal protozolcidal without irritation. Therefore, it can be used as contraception and prevention of sexually transmitted infections and toxic shock syndrome. It is also used as a therapy for all types of infectious vaginitis. Foam iodine release can be included in vaginal swabs as a protection against toxic shock syndrome is a serious threat to women who use tampons to absorb menstrual periods.
Brief description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the invention contraceptive sponges;
Fig. 2 is a section of the invention sponge Fig. 1 is inserted into the cervical canal;
Fig. 3 is a buffer with a sponge invention partially cut to show part of the interior, as well as
Fig. 4 different embodiment of the invention stamp shows a partial section of the interior.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The best mode and preferred embodiment of the invention is shown in Fig. 1. Iodine concentration of 2 parts per million is a powerful disinfectant. These concentrations of iodine are known to have bactericidal, algicidal, sporocidal, amoebacidal, mycocidal and virucidal. Reduce the number of sexually transmitted diseases, those who use a simple contraceptive sponges shows that if the vaginal contraceptive sponges were also spermicides, microbicides and virocidal, it would be very effective contraception, and also protects against sexually transmitted diseases and toxic shock syndrome.
I2 ties between PVP carbonyl group and nitrogen. I2 complexes with polyurethane and frees I2 by analogy with PVP (US. Neto 4,381,380). Solid polyurethane sponges I2 has a large area was published foaming thermoplastic polyurethane with a blowing agent or blowing agents to make a sponge, such as thermoset. The latter method is commonly used to make polyurethane foam and because of its large surface area can be related to a significant amount of iodine. Iodine was found to have antibacterial properties above. polyurethane foam under high surface area can bind a large number of free iodine and, therefore, capable of releasing it continuously for several hours or days, adding that most of its therapeutic value.
At present invention is a polyurethane contraceptive sponge 1O hat-shape with a shallow rim on 12 and dug a concave central part of the 1914 is shown in Fig. 1. The sponge 10 forms an obstacle to the entry of the sperm in the cervical canai. This sponge is introduced into the vagina 100 in the stowed position with the concave part of the break 1914 folded edges and the rim 1912 upwards. After installing the hollow area is home to the cervix, as shown in Fig. 2.
Iodine is a complex of up to 10 foam addition of free iodine in aqueous potassium iodide. Lugol’s iodine, which is 5% I2 dissolved in 1O%-solution of sodium iodide can be used for the complex of iodine polyurethane. The sponge can be immersed in a solution of Lugol solution or can be added dropwise in the sponge. Sponge, then washed with 0. 2% solution of sodium iodide to remove excess iodine, then washed with deionized water. Other methods are available in the complex section with iodine. Iodine can be dissolved in alcohol containing nonoxynol and left dry deposition of 20-40 mg of iodine per gram of nonoxynol filed. In addition, iodine can be added to the nonoxynol until added to the sponge, so that each sponge contains about 1 gram of nonoxynol and 20-40 mg. iodine. Iodine dissolved surfactant such as nonoxynol who iodophors. Since iodine is more effective in acidic solution, 5-20 mg of polyacrylic acid (Carbopol made by Goodrich) is added to maintain the acidic vaginal secretions.
Sponges can be obtained from any of the many manufacturers, for example, Scott Co., who specialize in open cell foam for air filters. Sponges should be flexible polyester polyurethane than polyester. Polyester polyurethanes more appropriate, even if both are working satisfactorily as a binder of iodine and mixtures thereof, which may be required to achieve a satisfactory durometer. The sponge should have a very small open cells, and as high as the density is compatible with maximum porosity. This exposes the maximum number of urethane bonds on the surface of polyurethane where complexation with iodine occurs.
aqueous solution of hydrochloric ppm at 2-4 I2 is not inflammatory when instilled into the human eye and can be used for irrigation of tissue to prevent infection or treat infections peritonitis (Stephen RL et al Dialysis and Transplantation June 1979 page 662). Aqueous solution of iodine USP, which contains 2% iodine in 2. 4% of sodium iodide is indicated in the AMA Drug Evaluation of the fifth edition. 1983 Page 1385 as a “preference for surface lacerations to prevent infection micobial, because it is effective and not annoying. I2 is an excellent broad spectrum non-selective agent, biocide, organisms do not develop resistance. I2 was used locally for treatment of bacterial and fungal infections, including bacterial skin infections, sore throat, and fungal infections legs, hands, ears, or the perineum. (J. Int. Col. Surg. 25:727 1956) center in 36 hours. Iodine has been used successfully to control the infection in the skin burns and traumatic loss (Brit. J. Surg 28:146, plastic, 1965). Its use to sterilize the skin before surgery is known that the use of dyes to a large extent replaced by polyvinylpyrrolidone iodophor as a complex of iodine. Iodophors been found effective in the treatment of vaginitis resistance (current Il. Res. 5:256 1963). Iodine is effective against Candida (plastic and reconstruction. Surg. 29:648, 1962) and trichomoniasis (J. Newark Beth Israel Hosp. 6:129, 1955) and bacterial infections.
In most studies, iodine was used as a set of polyvinylpyrrolidone iodine, from which free iodine released (US. Neto 2,739,922). Tampons impregnated with PVP-iodine are used in most studies on vaginitis. PVP iodine has the disadvantage to be a brown fluid. It would be better if iodophor were solid and not liquid.
EXAMPLE
Iodine sponges are effective in the treatment of senile vaginitis. In this disease, lack of estrogen causes the failure of glycogen appear in the vaginal mucosa. Vaginal discharge should Doderlin acid bacteria normally present in the vagina, which convert glycogen to lactic acid. It neutralizes and makes toxic ammonia, which otherwise form the vagina and irritation and inflammation of the vagina. Iodine kills bacteria and urease-producing thus interrupting the production of ammonia. polyacrylic acid restores the acidity of vaginal secretions. Polyurethane-iodine to cure for senile vaginitis. In addition, the polyurethane-iodine was the healing vaginitis caused by Trichomonas, Monilia, herpes, gonorrhea and other types of infectious vaginitis. In such cases, the new sponge is made once or twice a day for 5 days. Cultures or smears confirmed the disappearance of Monilia and trichomoniasis.
Another use of iodine in the sponge pads used by many women during menstruation. All of these buffers that hinder the blood and tissues and prolong its retention in the vagina. When these proteins swabs be contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus, bacterial growth in the buffer may lead to high concentrations of toxic bacteria in the buffer. Absorption of these toxins staplococcal causes toxic shock syndrome is characterized by fever, hypotension, nausea, lethargy, diffuse rash, desquamation, as well as vaginal discharge. vaginal cultures were positive for Staphylococcus Staphylococcus. The mortality rate of 3% of serious disease. Appearances toxic shock syndrome can be eliminated bactericidal buffers. This can be done by incorporating in the polyurethane sponge iodine as a central kernel buffer or pieces of iodine-iodine complex shredded polyurethane so as to keep at least 40 mg of iodine released into the buffer.
Fig. 3 shows the absorbent pad 20 with gauze covering 22. 24 core member buffer 20 is a polyurethane sponge, 26 of which complex with at least 20 mg of iodine is published and contains 28 air bubbles. At the base are 24 members of absorbent cellulose fibers 30, which are subject to EUR22 gauze. 32 attached to the gauze to remove the buffer.
One embodiment altermate buffer is shown in Fig. 4. Buffer 40 is a cellulose absorbent body 42 containing 44 bits of foam, which is crushed and treated with iodine in the amount previously reported. A bit of foam 44 is absorbing cellulose interplaced 46. Pad, wrapped in gauze (not shown) coincides with the buffer. 3 and is equipped with a chain similar.

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